Tuesday, November 2, 2010

Processing Black and White photos

1)Materials necessary to process black and white film:
  • A metal or plastic film tank
  • Three dark plastic containers to hold chemistry
  • Graduates (used to measure chemicals)
  • A darkroom timer
  • A can opener
  • A room that is totally light proof (not even the slightest sliver of light should be visible).
  • Developer (see other sidebar)
  • Glacial Acetic Acid (optional, for Stop Bath)
  • Fixer (Kodak Rapid Fixer with Hardener is highly recommended)
  • Hypo Eliminator  

2) Chemicals that one would by and we might be using in the darkroom are:
  • Chemical Manufacturer Specification sheets
  • Place where you can mix liquids (Sink)
  • Measuring Beakers or Graduates
  • Very accurate thermometer, and possibly a method of Temperature control
  • Stir sticks
  • Funnels
  • Maybe a water filter
  • Storage Bottles
  • Developer
  • Stop Bath
  • Fixer
3) In order to stop the development process a stop bath is used.
It neutralizes the effects of the developer. At this point the film is developed, however the image is not permanent, there are still unexposed silver-halides in the emulsion. If these particles are exposed to light, they will turn into silver quickly. The film has to be made permanent, this is done with a chemical fixer. The fixer attaches itself to the unexposed silver-halides, preventing them from reacting to the light. The final stop is to remove all traces of the chemicals in a wash step. If fixer is left on the film, it will eventually stain the image. There are additives, like Kodak Hypo Clearing Agent, which can speed up the wash process. After washing, the film must dry.
4)




Define
1. Contact sheet: a contact print, usually of all frames of a developed roll of negative print film, used as a proof print.
2. Agitation: Gently moving around development solution during film processing so pictures may be developed with fewer flaws.
3. Enlarger: an apparatus used for making projection prints, having a head for holding, illuminating, and projecting a film negative and a bed for holding a sheet of sensitized printing paper.
4. Developer:  a reducing agent or solution for developing a film or the like.
5. Stop Agent: a chemical that stops a process

6. Fixer:a chemical substance, as sodium thiosulfate, used to promote fixation.

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